The apple, a delicacy for centuries, was highly favored in the Roman Empire. As the empire expanded to Northern Europe, its people brought their traditions with them, introducing apples to what was is now the United Kingdom. The apple was originally a tiny, long stalked, bitter fruit, but still gained enormous popularity. Today, apples are more than 80% water, 10% carbohydrates, and 4% vitamins and minerals. Lost apple species include the Streaked Pippin, Sary Sinap, and the Nero.
The most popular apples include Red delicious, Granny Smith, Gala, Fuji, and Honeycrisp. There is evidence that apples can protect against cancer, heart disease, and type 2 diabetes. Red Delicious is widely considered the healthiest apple varieity because it is high in Anthocyanidins and calcium, a mineral that helps you to maintain strong bones. The Machinal, or beach apple is the most poisonous variety, with even the tree it grows on containing several toxins. The rarest apple in the world is the Black Diamond Apple, found in the region of Nyingchi.